Signs and Semiotics
Everything we see is a sign and carries a meaning. A sign is exactly what you see (denotation) and the semiotic is what that sign implies or represents (connotation). For example, a skull and crossbones. The sign is skull and crossbones, and the semiotic could be danger, pirates, death ect. It all depends on the individual and the different ways in which they interpret things. - polysemic
Audience
There is a primary and secondary audience in all aspects of media. The target audience is the primary audience, and the other people that may watch / consume that certain part of media. For example, the primary audience of a health and beauty magazine would be women, but there might be some men who would want to read it too, which is the secondary audience.
Hybrids and Parodies
Every genre has its own specific conventions (ingredients), however sometimes there are a combination of two genres to make a hybrid. A popular example of a hybrid genre is horror and comedy. This has been carried on over the years and now there are the quite well known 'Scary Movies' - these types of films are known as parody films because they are taking the mickey out of other films and putting them into one to make a comedy. Other examples of film parodies are 'epic movie' 'disaster movie' and 'vampires suck'.
Micro and Macro
Within films, there are micro elements, which are very small details in the mise en scene. All of these small details add up to make the macro, and this give the overall feel of the film or television program a more authentic feel .. for example, the program 'Mad Men' is set in the 1950's, so the directors sourced lots of things that genuinely were from the 1950's such as costumes, furniture, even really small details like the fact that everybody used to smoke. All of this adds up to make an overall effect - the macro element.